Tsunamis- Tsunamis are caused by the movement of oceanic tectonic plates or other powerful oceanic disturbances, such as earthquakes, volcanic activity, and more. The waves caused by a tsunami have been recorded traveling at over 100 mph in the open ocean. As the waves near land they grow in size, cause recessions in the water before they hit, and can reach heights of over 100 ft by the time they reach shore. Tsunamis are greatly affected by the underwater topography of their origin and where they travel.
Volcanoes- Hawaii is home to many volcanoes due to its being formed by hotspot volcanism. When pressure in the magma chamber rises the volcano will erupt and can destroy buildings, wildlife, vegetation, and can pose health risks.Other natural disasters can trigger eruptions as well, such as earthquakes.
Earthquakes- Earthquakes are caused when shifting tectonic plates release massive amounts of energy. This commonly occurs along fault lines where plates produce massive amounts of friction against each other. Earthquakes can topple buildings in cities and break various types of pipelines. They can also trigger other natural disasters.